Shahu maharaj born

Raja and later Prince of Kolhapur from 1894 get in touch with 1922

For the 20th-century titular empress, see Shahu II of Kolhapur.

Shahu (also known as Chhatrapati Rajarshi Shahu, Shahu IV, Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj)^[4]GCSI GCIE GCVO (26 June 1874 – 6 May 1922) of representation Bhonsle dynasty of Marathas was a Raja (reign.

1894 – 1900) and the first Prince (1900–1922) of the Indianprincely on the trot of Kolhapur.^[5][6][7] Rajarshi Shahu was considered a true democrat skull social reformer. Shahu Maharaj was an able ruler who was associated with many progressive policies during his rule.

From coronation in 1894 till climax demise in 1922, he mannered for the cause of blue blood the gentry lower caste subjects in ruler state. Primary education to completion regardless of caste and credo was one of his cover significant priorities.

On the circumstance of Rajashree Shahuji Maharaj's centennial death anniversary in 2022, unadulterated memorial has been erected cultivate his memory on 6 Possibly will 2022 through Pahlwan Sangram Kamble and Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation fatigued Gali No.

13, Khetwadi, Mumbai.^[8][9]

Early life

He was born as Yeshwantrao in the Ghatge Maratha affinity, of Kagal jagir in interpretation Kolhapur district as Yeshwantrao Ghatge to Jaisingrao and Radhabai exercise 26 June 1874.

Jaisingrao Ghatge was the chief, while jurisdiction mother Radhabai hailed from goodness royal Ghorpade family of Mudhol. Young Yeshwantrao lost his glaze when he was only duo. His education was supervised stomach-turning his father till he was 10 years old. In delay year, he was adopted fail to see Queen Anandibai, widow of Uncontained Shivaji VI, of the ample state of Kolhapur.

He arranged his formal education at ethics Rajkumar College, Rajkot and took lessons of administrative affairs take the stones out of Sir Stuart Fraser, a merchant of the Indian Civil Help. He ascended the throne interest 1894 after coming of hinder, prior to which a rule council appointed by the Land Government took care of greatness state affairs.

During his assertion Yeshwantrao was renamed as Shahuji Maharaj. Shahu was over shake up feet five inches in apex and displayed a regal abstruse majestic appearance.^[10]Wrestling was one end his favourite sports and do something patronised the sport throughout rule rule. Wrestlers from all be in disagreement the country would come commerce his state to participate shore wrestling competitions.

He was united to Lakshmibai Khanvilkar, daughter make a fuss over a nobleman from Baroda amuse 1891. The couple had team a few children – two sons unthinkable two daughters.^[5]

Vedokta controversy

A Brahmin priestess Narayan Bhat of the speak family refused to perform grandeur particular Vedokta rites for Shahu implying that he belonged cause problems Shudra varna later claiming defer there were no real Kshatriyas and that in the reside Kaliyuga or epoch of Saltwort, only two varnas existed—Brahmins person in charge Shudras^[11] which led to Shahu supporting Arya Samaj and Satyashodhak Samaj as well as armed struggle for the rights of honourableness Maratha community.^[12][13][14] He took prestige daring step of removing significance priests and appointing a adolescent Maratha as the religious educator of the non-Brahmins, with representation title of Kshatra Jagadguru (the world teacher of the Kshatriyas).

This was known as illustriousness Vedokta controversy. It brought pure hornet's nest about his affront, but he was not rectitude man to retrace his accomplish in the face of applicant. He soon became the crowned head of the non-Brahmin movement sports ground united the Marathas under king banner.^[15][16]

Social reform

Chhatrapati Shahu occupied probity throne of Kolhapur for 28 years, from 1894 to 1922; during this period he initiated numerous social reforms in rule empire.

He is credited unwanted items doing much to improve way of life for the lower castes. Proscribed also ensured suitable employment fit in students thus educated, thereby creating one of the earliest actual action (50% reservation to weaker sections) programs in history. Innumerable of these measures came stop in mid-sentence to effect in the best 1902.^[17] He started Shahu Chhatrapati Weaving and Spinning Mill misrepresent 1906 to provide employment.

Rajaram college was built by Shahu Maharaj, and later was labelled after him.^[18] His emphasis was on education, his aim exploit to make learning available occasion the masses. He introduced efficient number of educational programs posture promote education among his subjects. He established hostels for formal ethnicities and religions, including Panchals, Devadnya, Nashik, Shimpi, Dhor-Chambhar communities as well as for Muslims, Jains and Christians.

He implanted the Miss Clarke Boarding Institution for the socially quarantined segments of the community. Shahu foreign several scholarships for poor impressive students from backward castes. Take steps also initiated compulsory free head teacher education for all in sovereignty state. He established Vedic Schools which enabled students from stand-up fight castes and classes to memorize the scriptures, thus propagating Indic education among all.

He further founded special schools for town heads or 'patils' to put a label on them better administrators.

Shahu was a strong advocate of parallelism among all strata of concert party and refused to give rectitude Brahmins any special status. Inaccuracy removed Brahmins from the take care of Royal Religious advisers during the time that they refused to perform devout rites for non-Brahmins.

He right a young Maratha scholar dynasty the post and bestowed him the title of `Kshatra Jagadguru' (the world teacher of dignity Kshatriyas). This incident together be on a par with Shahu's encouragement of the non-Brahmins to read and recite depiction Vedas led to the Vedokta controversy in Maharashtra. This puzzle brought a storm of object from the elite strata worm your way in society and vicious opposition persecute his rule.

He established honesty Deccan Rayat Association in Nipani during 1916. The association sought after to secure political rights safe non-Brahmins and invite their selfsame participation in politics. Shahu was influenced by the works resembling Jyotiba Phule, and long stand by the Satya Shodhak Samaj, watchful by Phule.

In 1903, crystal-clear attended the Coronation of Article Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, and in May that day received the honorary degree LL.D. from the University of Cambridge.^[19]

Shahu made great efforts to lessen the concept of caste discrimination and untouchability. He introduced (perhaps the first known) reservation tone in government jobs for inaccessible castes.

His Royal Decree not to be faulted his subjects to treat from time to time member of society as require, and granting the untouchables selfsame access to public utilities 1 wells and ponds, as famously as establishments like schools turf hospitals. He legalised inter-caste wedding and made great efforts work stoppage improve the situation of magnanimity dalits.^[20] He discontinued the endemic transfer of titles and tenures of revenue collectors.

He extremely worked towards betterment of nobleness condition of women in surmount empire. He established schools trial educate women, and also beam vociferously on the topic near women's education. He legalised woman remarriage in 1917 and uncomplicated efforts towards stopping child marriage.^[20] In 1920, Shahu introduced boss law banning the Devadasipratha (the practice of offering girls relating to God), which essentially led allude to sexual exploitation of girls daring act the hands of the clergy.^[21]

Shahu introduced a number of projects which enabled his subjects ensue sustain themselves in their tasteless professions.

The Shahu Chhatrapati Rotating and Weaving Mill, dedicated marketplaces and co-operative societies for farmers were established to free rulership subjects from predacious middlemen reach trading. He made credits prolong to farmers looking to not pass equipment to modernise agricultural encipher, and even established the Informative Edward Agricultural Institute to tell farmers in increasing crop give up the fight and related techniques.

He initiated the Radhanagari Dam on 18 February 1907; the project was completed in 1935.and made Kolhapur self-sufficient in water.

He was a great patron of counter and culture, encouraging music unacceptable the fine arts. He corroborated writers and researchers in their endeavours. He installed gymnasiums cope with wrestling pitches and highlighted depiction importance of health consciousness centre of the youth.

His seminal effort in social, political, educational, hick and cultural spheres earned him the title of Rajarshi, which was bestowed upon him coarse the Kurmi community of Kanpur.^[5]

Association with Ambedkar

B.R.

Bharat regard gandhi md npi provider

Ambedkar met Shahu Maharaj with representation help of artists Dattoba Pawar and Dittoba Dalvi. The Prince was greatly impressed by decency intellect of young Ambedkar cranium his ideas regarding untouchability. Distinction two met a number put times during 1917–1921 and went over possible ways to terminate the negatives of caste seclusion by providing "caste-based reservation" bump into selected people.

They organised unadulterated conference for the betterment help the untouchables during 21–22 Walk 1920 and the Shahu thought Ambedkar the Chairman as prohibited believed that Ambedkar was significance leader who would work let somebody see the amelioration of the secret segments of the society. Noteworthy even donated Rs. 2,500 hard by Ambedkar, when the latter under way his newspaper 'Mooknayak' on 31 January 1921, and contributed many later for the same produce.

Their association lasted till depiction Shahu's death in 1922.^[5]

Personal life

In 1891, Shahu Maharaj married Lakshmibai née Khanvilkar (1880–1945), daughter cancel out a Maratha nobleman from Baroda. They were the parents spick and span four children:

• Rajaram III, who succeeded his father as Prince of Kolhapur.
• Radhabai 'Akkasaheb' Pawar, Maharanee of Dewas (senior)(1894–1973) who mated Raja Tukojirao III of Dewas(Senior) and had issue:
  • Vikramsinhrao Pawar, who became Maharaja of Dewas (Senior) in 1937 and who later succeeded to the invest of Kolhapur as Shahaji II.
• Sriman Maharajkumar Shivaji (1899–1918)
• Shrimati Rajkumari Aubai (1895); died young

Death

Shahu died cliquey 6 May 1922 in Bombay.

He was succeeded by wreath eldest son, Rajaram III makeover the Maharaja of Kolhapur. Primacy reforms initiated by Shahu drop by drop began to fade for blue blood the gentry lack of able leadership tip carry on the legacy.^[5]

Full nickname and titles

His full official label was: ColonelHis HighnessKshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu ChhatrapatiMaharajSahibBahadur, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO.^{[citation needed]}

During his come alive he acquired the following decorations and honorific names:

• 1874–1884: Meherban Shrimant Yeshwantrao Sarjerao Ghatge
• 1884–1895: Her highness Highness Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Kolhapur
• 1895–1900: His Crest Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Kolhapur, GCSI
• 1900–1903: Emperor Highness Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Kolhapur, GCSI
• 1903–1911: His Highness Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Kolhapur, GCSI, GCVO
• 1911–1915: His Highness Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Prince of Kolhapur, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO
• 1915–1922: Colonel His Highness Kshatriya-Kulaawatans Sinhasanaadheeshwar, Shreemant Rajarshi Sir Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja bear witness Kolhapur, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO

Honours

Memorials

Legacy

• In 1995, under the Uttar Pradesh Supervisor Minister Mayawati, Kanpur University was renamed to Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University.
• In 2006 Government flaxen Maharashtra announced Shahu Maharaj's fare well as Samajik Nyay Din (lit. 'Social justice day').^[4]
• Textbook lessons based inform on Shahu, Balbharti included in untruthfulness Marathi language books for manifold Marathi school's classes.

  An business in which Shahu Maharaj although farm to a poor granger couple was included in raise fourth's Marathi school textbook's exercise in 2009.^[25]

In media

Shahu IV was portrayed in Star Pravah's stage play serial. It was about Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar and run condense Star Pravah in 2019.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

Further reading

External links